Mathematics Calculators & Tools
Algebra, Calculus, Geometry, Statistics, Number Theory, and more.
Mathematics is the language behind almost every calculator on this site, so this is the place to start when you need to solve an equation, work with fractions, or check a result by hand. Each tool shows the formula it uses and walks through the steps, so you can follow the method instead of just copying an answer.
Absolute Value Calculator
Calculate the absolute value of any number. Use this free calculator for fast, accurate answers, complete with the formula and a worked example.
Absolute Value Equation Solver
Solve equations of the form |ax + b| = c.
Adding Fractions Calculator
Add two fractions with step-by-step simplification.
One-Way ANOVA Calculator
Perform one-way ANOVA on multiple groups.
Antilog Calculator
Calculate the antilogarithm (inverse of logarithm).
Arccosine Calculator
Calculate the inverse cosine (arccos) of a value.
Arcsine Calculator
Calculate the inverse sine (arcsin) of a value.
Arctangent Calculator
Calculate the inverse tangent (arctan) of a value.
Arithmetic Sequence Calculator
Find nth term and sum of arithmetic sequence.
Average Calculator
Calculate the mean, sum and count of a list of numbers.
Bayes' Theorem Calculator
Calculate conditional probability using Bayes' theorem. Free calculator with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.
Beta Function Calculator
Calculate the beta function B(a,b).
Big Number Calculator
Add, subtract, multiply or compare arbitrarily large integers exactly.
Binary to Decimal Calculator
Convert binary numbers to decimal.
Binomial Coefficient Calculator
Calculate binomial coefficients (n choose k).
Binomial Theorem Calculator
Expand (a+b)^n using the binomial theorem.
Boolean Algebra Calculator
Evaluate Boolean expressions (AND, OR, NOT).
Cartesian Product Calculator
Find the Cartesian product of two sets.
Chi-Square Test Calculator
Calculate the chi-square statistic for goodness of fit.
Combination Calculator
Calculate combinations C(n,r), unordered selections.
Completing the Square Calculator
Convert ax² + bx + c to a(x-h)² + k form.
Complex Number Calculator
Perform operations on complex numbers.
Confidence Interval Calculator
Calculate confidence intervals for the population mean.
Continued Fraction Calculator
Express a number as a continued fraction.
Correlation Calculator
Calculate Pearson correlation coefficient between two datasets.
Cosine Calculator
Calculate the cosine of an angle in degrees or radians.
Cotangent Calculator
Calculate the cotangent of an angle.
Covariance Calculator
Calculate the covariance between two datasets.
Cramer's Rule (3×3) Calculator
Solve 3×3 systems using Cramer's rule. Use this free calculator for fast, accurate answers, complete with the formula and a worked example.
Cross Product Calculator
Calculate the cross product of two 3D vectors.
Cosecant Calculator
Calculate the cosecant of an angle.
Cube Root Calculator
Calculate the cube root of a number.
Cubic Equation Calculator
Find one real root of a cubic equation ax³ + bx² + cx + d = 0.
Decimal to Binary Calculator
Convert decimal numbers to binary.
Decimal to Fraction Calculator
Convert a decimal number to a fraction.
Degrees to Radians Calculator
Convert angles from degrees to radians.
Numerical Derivative Calculator
Approximate the derivative of a function at a point.
Discriminant Calculator
Calculate the discriminant of a quadratic equation.
Distance Between Points Calculator
Calculate the distance between two points.
Dividing Fractions Calculator
Divide two fractions (multiply by reciprocal).
Divisibility Rules Checker
Check divisibility by common numbers.
Dot Product Calculator
Calculate the dot product of two vectors.
Double Angle Formula Calculator
Calculate sin(2θ), cos(2θ), and tan(2θ) from angle θ.
Eigenvalue Calculator (2×2)
Calculate eigenvalues of a 2×2 matrix.
Error Function (erf) Calculator
Calculate the error function value.
Exponent Calculator
Calculate the power of a number (base raised to exponent).
Exponential Decay Calculator
Calculate exponential decay (half-life).
Exponential Growth Calculator
Calculate exponential growth or decay.
F-Test Calculator
Calculate the F-statistic for comparing two variances.
Factorial Calculator
Calculate n! (n factorial) for a non-negative integer.
Fibonacci Calculator
Calculate the nth Fibonacci number.
Fourier Series Calculator
Compute Fourier coefficients for common waveforms.
Fraction Calculator - Add, Subtract, Multiply, Divide Fractions
online fraction calculator. Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions with step-by-step solutions. Simplify fractions and convert to decimals.
Fraction to Decimal Calculator
Convert a fraction to its decimal representation.
Future Value Calculator
Calculate the future value of a present amount.
Gamma Function Calculator
Calculate the gamma function Γ(n).
GCD Calculator
Calculate the Greatest Common Divisor of two numbers.
Geometric Mean Calculator
Calculate the geometric mean of a set of positive numbers.
Geometric Sequence Calculator
Find nth term and sum of geometric sequence.
Golden Ratio Calculator
Calculate golden ratio related values.
Absolute Value Grapher
Plot y = |f(x)| and see the characteristic V-shape and reflections.
Cosine Function Grapher
Plot y = A·cos(Bx + C) + D and compare it with the sine wave.
Cubic Function Grapher
Plot cubic functions y = ax³ + bx² + cx + d, including their inflection and turning points.
Derivative Grapher
Plot a function together with its numerical derivative f'(x) to see slope behavior.
Exponential Function Grapher
Plot exponential functions y = a·bˣ and see growth or decay behavior.
Inequality Grapher
Plot a function and visually identify where it is positive (above the x-axis) or negative.
Integral Grapher
Plot a function together with its cumulative numerical integral from the left edge.
Linear Function Grapher
Plot linear functions of the form y = mx + b.
Logarithmic Function Grapher
Plot logarithmic functions like y = log(x) or y = ln(x) and see their domain and asymptote.
Parametric Equations Grapher
Plot parametric curves by entering x(t) and y(t) separated by a semicolon (t is entered as x).
Piecewise Function Grapher
Plot piecewise functions using a JavaScript-style condition ? a : b expression.
Polar Coordinate Grapher
Plot polar curves r = f(θ) such as roses, cardioids and spirals (θ is entered as x).
Polynomial Function Grapher
Plot polynomials of any degree and explore their roots, turning points and end behavior.
Quadratic Function Grapher
Plot parabolas y = ax² + bx + c and see the vertex, roots and axis of symmetry.
Rational Function Grapher
Plot rational functions y = p(x)/q(x) and visualize vertical and horizontal asymptotes.
Sine Function Grapher
Plot y = A·sin(Bx + C) + D and explore amplitude, period and phase shift.
System of Equations Grapher
Plot two functions at once (separated by a semicolon) and find their intersection visually.
Tangent Function Grapher
Plot y = tan(x) and see its repeating vertical asymptotes.
Function Transformation Grapher
Explore translations, stretches and reflections by editing a base function.
Trigonometric Function Grapher
Plot combinations of sine, cosine and tangent to study interference and harmonics.
Graphing Calculator
Plot any function y = f(x) on an interactive Cartesian grid.
Floor/Ceiling Function Calculator
Calculate floor and ceiling of a number.
Half Angle Formula Calculator
Calculate sin(θ/2), cos(θ/2), and tan(θ/2) from angle θ.
Harmonic Mean Calculator
Calculate the harmonic mean of a set of positive numbers.
Heron's Formula Calculator
Calculate triangle area from three sides using Heron's formula. Free calculator with instant results and a worked example.
Hexadecimal Calculator
Convert between hexadecimal and decimal.
Inequality Solver
Solve linear inequalities ax + b < c.
Numerical Integral Calculator
Approximate a definite integral using Simpson's rule. Get quick, accurate results with this free online calculator, including formulas and worked examples.
Linear Interpolation Calculator
Interpolate between two known data points.
Interquartile Range (IQR) Calculator
Calculate Q1, Q3, and IQR of a dataset.
Inverse Function Calculator
Find the inverse of simple functions.
Lagrange Interpolation Calculator
Interpolate using Lagrange polynomial.
Law of Cosines Calculator
Find the third side of a triangle using the Law of Cosines.
Law of Sines Calculator
Solve triangles using the Law of Sines.
LCM Calculator
Calculate the Least Common Multiple of two numbers.
Limit Calculator
Evaluate limits of functions numerically.
Linear Equation Calculator
Solve linear equations of the form ax + b = c.
Linear Regression Calculator
Find the line of best fit y = mx + b.
Logarithm Calculator
Calculate logarithms with any base.
Long Division Calculator
Perform long division with step-by-step process.
Matrix Addition Calculator (2×2)
Add or subtract two 2×2 matrices.
Matrix Calculator
Add, subtract or multiply two matrices, or find a determinant.
Matrix Determinant Calculator
Calculate the determinant of a 2×2 matrix.
Matrix Inverse Calculator (2×2)
Calculate the inverse of a 2×2 matrix.
Matrix Multiplication Calculator
Multiply matrices step-by-step. Supports 2x2, 3x3, and custom matrix dimensions with clear worked solutions.
Matrix Rank Calculator (2×2)
Calculate the rank of a 2×2 matrix.
Matrix Transpose Calculator
Transpose a 2×2 or 3×3 matrix.
Mean Calculator: Find Arithmetic Average
Calculate the arithmetic mean (average) of a set of numbers step-by-step with formulas and worked examples.
Median Calculator
Find the median (middle value) of a dataset.
Midpoint Calculator
Find the midpoint between two points.
Mixed Fraction Calculator
Convert between mixed numbers and improper fractions.
Modulo Calculator
Calculate the remainder of integer division.
Mode Calculator
Find the mode (most frequent value) of a dataset.
Multiplying Fractions Calculator
Multiply two fractions with step-by-step simplification.
Natural Log Calculator
Calculate the natural logarithm (base e) of a number.
Newton's Method Calculator
Find roots using Newton's method iteratively. Use this free calculator for fast, accurate answers, complete with the formula and a worked example.
Normal Distribution Calculator
Calculate probabilities for the normal distribution using z-scores.
Number Base Converter
Convert between any two number bases (2-36).
Number Sequence Calculator
Identify and extend number sequences.
Octal Calculator
Convert between octal and decimal.
Partial Fraction Decomposition
Decompose a rational function into partial fractions.
Pascal's Triangle Calculator
Generate rows of Pascal's triangle. Free calculator with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.
Percentage Calculator: Find Percent Differences
Find the percent difference between two numbers, calculate percentage increases or decreases, and solve values.
Percentage Decrease Calculator
Calculate the percentage decrease between two values.
Percentage Error Calculator
Calculate percentage error between experimental and actual values.
Percentage Increase Calculator
Calculate the percentage increase between two values.
Percentage Off Calculator
Calculate the discounted price after a percentage off.
Percentile Calculator
Calculate percentile rank of a value in a dataset.
Perfect Square Calculator
Check if a number is a perfect square and find the root.
Permutations & Combinations Calculator
Calculate nPr (permutations) and nCr (combinations).
Permutation Calculator
Calculate permutations P(n,r), ordered arrangements.
Polar to Rectangular Converter
Convert polar coordinates (r,θ) to rectangular (x,y).
Polynomial Roots Calculator
Find roots of polynomials up to degree 4.
Power Set Calculator
Generate the power set (all subsets) of a set.
Present Value Calculator
Calculate the present value of a future amount.
Prime Factorization Calculator
Find the prime factors of a number.
Prime Number Checker
Check if a number is prime and find factors.
Probability Calculator
Calculate probability from favorable and total outcomes.
Product Calculator (Π)
Calculate the product of a series Π f(i) from i=a to b.
Programmer Calculator
Convert integers between binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal.
Proportion Calculator
Solve proportions: if a/b = c/x, find x.
Pythagorean Theorem Calculator
Find any side of a right triangle.
Quadratic Equation Calculator
Solve ax² + bx + c = 0 with the quadratic formula.
Quadratic Equation Solver: Roots Step-by-Step
Solve quadratic equations step-by-step using the quadratic formula. Find both real and imaginary roots easily.
Quadratic Formula Calculator
Solve quadratic equations ax² + bx + c = 0 using the quadratic formula.
Radians to Degrees Calculator
Convert angles from radians to degrees.
Ratio Calculator
Simplify ratios and find equivalent ratios.
Rectangular to Polar Converter
Convert rectangular coordinates (x,y) to polar (r,θ).
Regression Slope Calculator
Calculate the slope and intercept of the regression line.
Right Triangle Calculator
Calculate sides and angles of a right triangle.
Roman Numeral Converter
Convert between Arabic and Roman numerals.
Root Mean Square (RMS) Calculator
Calculate the RMS of a set of values.
Rounding Calculator
Round a number to specified decimal places.
Sample Size Calculator
Calculate the survey sample size needed for a target margin of error.
Scientific Calculator
Evaluate scientific expressions with trig, logs, powers and constants.
Scientific Notation Calculator
Convert numbers to and from scientific notation.
Scientific Notation Converter
Convert between standard and scientific notation.
Secant Calculator
Calculate the secant of an angle.
Set Operations Calculator
Perform union, intersection, and difference on sets.
Sigma Notation Calculator
Evaluate sum using sigma notation.
Significant Figures Calculator
Round a number to specified significant figures.
Simple Interest Calculator
Calculate simple interest on a principal.
Simplify Fractions Calculator
Reduce a fraction to its simplest form by dividing by the GCD.
Sine Calculator
Calculate the sine of an angle in degrees or radians.
Slope Calculator
Calculate the slope between two points.
Slope & Distance Calculator
Find the slope, distance and midpoint between two points.
Spherical Coordinates Calculator
Convert between Cartesian and spherical coordinates.
Square Root Calculator - Find √x Online
square root calculator. Find the square root of any number with step-by-step explanation. Includes perfect square checker and Nth root calculator.
Standard Calculator
Evaluate everyday arithmetic with order of operations.
Standard Deviation Calculator
Calculate standard deviation and variance of a dataset.
Standard Error Calculator
Calculate the standard error of the mean.
Statistics Calculator
Compute mean, median, mode, variance, and standard deviation of a dataset.
Subtracting Fractions Calculator
Subtract two fractions with step-by-step simplification.
Sum of Squares Calculator
Calculate the sum of squares for a dataset.
Summation Calculator
Calculate the sum of a series Σ f(i) from i=a to b.
Surface Area Calculator
Calculate the surface area of common 3D shapes.
System of Linear Equations Calculator
Solve a 2×2 system of linear equations using Cramer's rule. Free calculator with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.
T-Test Calculator: Find p-Value
Compare two data groups with an online t-test. Calculates t-value, p-value, and statistical significance instantly.
Tangent Calculator
Calculate the tangent of an angle in degrees or radians.
Tank Volume Calculator
Calculate the volume and capacity of cylindrical and rectangular tanks.
Taylor Series Calculator
Approximate a function using its Taylor series expansion.
Trapezoidal Rule Calculator
Approximate a definite integral using the trapezoidal rule.
Truth Table Generator
Generate truth tables for logical expressions.
Variance Calculator
Calculate the variance of a dataset.
Vector Magnitude Calculator
Calculate the magnitude (length) of a vector.
Vector Projection Calculator
Calculate the projection of vector a onto vector b.
Weighted Average Calculator
Calculate the weighted average of a set of values.
Z-Score Calculator
Calculate the z-score (standard score) of a data point.
How to choose the right Mathematics tool
- Working with equations or unknowns? Reach for the algebra and equation solvers.
- Dealing with rates of change, areas under curves, or limits? Use the calculus tools.
- Comparing data sets or finding an average, spread, or probability? The statistics calculators cover that.
- Just need a quick, reliable number? Every tool gives the result first, then the explanation below it.
Who these tools are for
Used by students from middle school through university, teachers building examples, and anyone who wants to see the working, not just the answer.
Explore Other Categories
Popular tools from our other scientific categories
AC to DC Converter Calculator
Convert AC voltage to DC voltage for different rectifier configurations. Free online calculator with instant, step-by-step results.
Acid-Base Titration Calculator
Calculate concentration from titration data. Get quick, accurate results with this free online calculator, including formulas and worked examples.
ABV Calculator
Calculate alcohol by volume from original and final gravity. Free calculator with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.
Amortization Schedule Calculator - Free Online
Free Generate a complete amortization schedule. Step-by-step solutions and formulas included. Free, accurate results with step-by-step explanations.
Average Cost Basis Calculator - Free Online
Free Calculate average cost per share. Step-by-step solutions and formulas included. Fast, accurate, and free, with formula and example.
1031 Exchange Calculator - Free Online
Free Calculate tax deferral in a 1031 exchange. Step-by-step solutions and formulas included. Fast, accurate, and free, with formula and example.
A1C Calculator - Free Online
Free Convert between A1C percentage and estimated average glucose. Step-by-step solutions and formulas included. Simple, fast, and free.
Batting Average Calculator
Calculate batting average in baseball/cricket. Free calculator with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.
Air Density Calculator
Calculate air density from temperature and pressure using the ideal gas law. Fast, accurate, and free, with formula and example.
Age Calculator
Calculate exact age in years, months, and days. Use this free calculator for fast, accurate answers, complete with the formula and a worked example.
Acceleration Converter
Convert between acceleration units. Get quick, accurate results with this free online converter, including formulas and worked examples.
Circle Area Calculator
Calculate the area and circumference of a circle. Free online calculator with instant results, step-by-step explanations, and a clear worked example.
Angle Between Two Lines Calculator
Calculate the angle between two lines given their slopes. Free calculator with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.
Apache Log Parser, Free Online Developer Tool
Parse Apache/NGINX combined access log lines into IP, time, request, status and size fields. Get instant results, the formula, and a clear example.
Add Text to Beginning, Free Online Text Tool
Add custom text to the beginning of every line in your text instantly. Get instant results, the formula, and a clear example.
Accessible Color Pair Finder
Check if a text/background pair meets WCAG and suggest a fix. Free tool with instant calculations, the underlying formula, and an easy-to-follow example.